Chapter 21: Q1ITD (page 440)
Describe three examples of errors in cellular processes that lead to DNA duplications
Errors that result in DNA duplications are unequal crossing over during prophase 1, slippage during DNA replication, and retrotransposition.
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In 2005, Icelandic scientists reported finding a large chromosomal inversion present in 20% of northern Europeans, and they noted that Icelandic women with this inversion had significantly more children than women without it. What would you expect to happen to the frequency of this inversion in the Icelandic population in future generations?
Explain how multiple exons might have arisen in the ancestral EGF and fibronectin genes shown on the left side of Figure 21.16.
WHAT IF? There are three times as many Alu elements in the human genome as in the chimpanzee genome. How do you think these extra Alu elements arose in the human genome? Propose a role they might have played in the divergence of these two species.
Two eukaryotic proteins have one domain in common but are otherwise very different. Which of the following processes is most likely to have contributed to this similarity?
(A) Gene duplication
(B) Alternative splicing
(C) Exon shuffling
(D) Random point mutations
What are three ways that transposable elements are thought to contribute to genome evolution?
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