Chapter 17: Q17.4-3CC (page 355)
Draw a tRNA with the anticodon 3’-CGU-5’. What two different codons could it bind to? Draw each codon on an mRNA, labeling all 5’ and 3’ ends, the tRNA, and the amino acid it carries.
The tRNA with the anticodon CGU can bind to GCA and GCG.
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Which of the following mutations would be most likely to have a harmful effect on an organism?
a deletion of three nucleotides near the middle of a gene
a single nucleotide deletion in the middle of an intron
a single nucleotide deletion near the end of the coding sequence
a single nucleotide insertion downstream of, and close to, the start of the coding sequence.
Knowing that the genetic code is almost universal, a scientist uses molecular biological methods to insert the human β-globin gene(shown in Figure17.12) into bacterial cells, hoping the cell will express it and synthesize functional β-globin protein. Instead, the protein produced is non-functional and contains fewer amino acids than does β-globin made by a eukaryotic cell. Explain why.
Which component is not directly involved in translation?
GTP
DNA
tRNA
ribosomes
In a research article about Alkaptonuria published in 1902, Garrod suggested that humans inherit two "characters" (alleles) for a particular enzyme and that both parents must contribute a faulty version for the offspring to have Alkaptonuria. Today, would this disorder be called dominant or recessive?
The height of a stack letters in a logo indicates the predictive power of the stack (determined statistically). If the stack is tall, we can be more confident in predicting what base will be in that position of a new sequence is added to the logo. For example, at position2 in the sequence alignment, all 10 sequences have a G: the probability of finding a G there in a new sequence is very high, as is the stack in the sequence logo. For short stacks, the bases all have about the same frequency, so it’s hard to predict would be at those positions. (a) Looking at the sequence logo, which two positions have the most predictable bases? What bases do you predict would be at those positions in a newly sequenced gene? (b) Which 12 positions have the least predictable bases? How do you know? How does this reflect the relative frequencies of the base shown at these positions in the sequence alignment? Use the two leftmost positions of the 12 as examples in your answer.
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