Question

The discipline that applies ecological principles to returning degraded ecosystems to a more natural state is known as

(A) restoration ecology.

(B) thermodynamics.

(C) eutrophication.

(D) biogeochemistry.

Short answer

(A)The option “restoration ecology” is correct.

(B)The option “thermodynamics” is incorrect.

(C)The option “eutrophication” is incorrect.

(D)The option “biogeochemistry” is incorrect.

Step-by-step solution

Ecological principles

Ecological principles are fundamental assertions about the ecosystem and how they work, based on ecological concepts. Ecological principles have unique consequences for land use and can help to ensure that key ecosystem processes are maintained.

 Step 2: Explanation of option ‘(A)’

The scientific study of restoring degraded environments by human involvement is known as restoration ecology. The restoration ecology is a discipline in ecological principles to degrade ecosystems to a more natural state.

Thus, restoration ecology is the discipline of ecological principles that returns degraded ecosystems to a more natural state.

Therefore, the given option is incorrect.

Explanation of option ‘(B)’

Thermodynamics is the study of quantity and quality energy conservation, thereby defining the physical world in which organisms interact with their surroundings.

Thus, thermodynamics is not the discipline of ecological principles.

Therefore, the given option is incorrect.

Explanation of option ‘(C)’

Eutrophication is the overabundance of nutrients in aquatic environments, resulting in algal blooms and anoxic episodes. It is a persistent problem in surface waterways and a worldwide environmental issue.

Thus, eutrophication is not the discipline of ecological principles.

Therefore, the given option is incorrect.

Explanation of option ‘(D)’

The study of physical, geological, and biological mechanisms and reactions that regulate the constitution of the environment is referred to as biogeochemistry. The biogeochemical cycles transport elements across ecosystems, allowing for modification.

Thus, biogeochemistry does not belong to the disciplines of ecological principles.

Therefore, the given option is incorrect.