Question

Within each year, what is the pattern of change in CO2 concentration? Why might this pattern occur?

Short answer

The pattern of change in CO2 concentration in a year shows fluctuation in the levels of carbon dioxide in Muana Loa. It has been rising continuously through the decades. It is due to the variation in the global release of CO2 in the atmosphere by plants because of seasonal variations.

Step-by-step solution

Step 1: CO2

Carbon dioxide is a colorless gas that has a density higher than dry air. It has one atom of carbon and two atoms of oxygen. It is naturally found in the atmosphere in trace amounts.It is increased in the atmosphere due to deforestation and the burning of fossil fuels.

Step 2: Greenhouse effect

The global temperature is rising due to the increase in the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere. When solar radiations reach the earth, it is emitted from the earth having infrared radiation. Greenhouse gases such as CO2 absorb these radiations and increase the heat content of the earth by returning them to the earth.

Step 3: Variation in concentrations of CO2

Carbon dioxide levels continue to fluctuate in the atmosphere through photosynthesis and respiration in plants. Plants in springs and summers photosynthesize more due to the high temperature. They release it more in winter. During summers, more carbon accumulates in the forests and soil.

In half of the year, the levels of CO2 are rising, and in the other half, the levels are decreasing.