Question

Apoptosis involves all but which of the following?

(A) fragmentation of the DNA

(B) cell-signaling pathways

(C) lysis of the cell

(D) digestion of cellular contents by scavenger cells

Short answer

(A) The option “fragmentation of the DNA” is false.

(B) The option “cell-signaling pathways” is false.

(C) The option “lysis of the cell” is true.

(D)The option “digestion of cellular contents by scavenger cells” is false.

Step-by-step solution

Apoptosis

Apoptosis is the mode by which the programmed death of cells occurs. It involves the elimination of genetically determined cells. Apoptosis is the regular process occurring during development and aging that keeps the cell count in check. It also works as a defensive mechanism in immune reactions.

Explanation of option ‘(A)’

During apoptosis, cellular components cut the DNA in fragments because the signal cascade for apoptosis activates the nuclease components of the cell.

Thus, fragmentation of DNA is an event occurring during apoptosis.

Therefore, the given option is false.

Explanation of option ‘(B)’

Signal molecules released from other cells can initiate the cell signaling pathway to trigger the apoptosis-causing proteins and genes in the cells.

Thus, apoptosis involves the signal transduction pathway.

Therefore, the given option is false.

Explanation of option ‘(C)’

In apoptosis, cells shrink, and their parts are packaged in vesicles. These vesicles are engulfed by some scavenger cells that leave no trace.

Thus, no cell lysis occurs during apoptosis.

Therefore, the given option is true.

Explanation of option ‘(D)’

Engulfed cell material in apoptosis is digested by scavenger cells so that no trace remains. It protects the neighboring cells from the damaging effects of the dying cells’ content.

Thus, digestion of the cellular content of dying cells occurs during apoptosis.

Therefore, the given option is false.