Question

Genetic variation in bacterial populations cannot result from

(A) transduction

(B) conjugation

(C) mutation

(D) meiosis

Short answer

(A) The option “transduction” is false.

(B) The option “conjugation” is false.

(C) The option “mutation” is false.

(D) The option “meiosis” is true.

Step-by-step solution

Genetic Variations

Genetic variations are changes in the gene frequencies that can cause changes in individual organisms as well as differences in population. Genetic variations are essential because they help in increasing the overall biodiversity in a particular population.

Explanation of option ‘(A)’

The bacterial populations reproduce asexually to give rise to a huge number of offspring within a short duration. A form of reproduction in bacteria is called transduction that increases genetic variations within a population by transferring DNA from one organism to another.

Thus, genetic variations in bacteria can occur through transduction.

Therefore, the given option is false.

Explanation of option ‘(B)’

A conjugation is a form of reproduction exhibited by bacterial populations. It is one of the methods of increasing genetic variations by shifting the genetic material from one organism to another. This helps in the survival of organisms and also increases biodiversity.

Thus, genetic variations in bacteria can occur through conjugation.

Therefore, the given option is false.

Explanation of option ‘(C)’

Mutations are uncommon in bacterial populations. However, in some cases, mutations can occur in these populations. This results in the formation of offspring that have altered traits caused due to mutations in particular loci. These mutations increase the genetic variations in the population.

Thus, genetic variations in bacteria can occur through mutation.

Therefore, the given option is false.

Explanation of option ‘(D)’

Bacterial populations can only reproduce through asexual methods. This method of reproduction does not demand the fusion of gametes, and hence meiosis does not occur. These organisms proliferate through binary fission that involves only mitotic division and not meiotic division.

Thus, genetic variations in bacteria cannot occur through meiosis.

Therefore, the given option is true.