Question

Which of the following organs is incorrectly paired with its function?

(A) stomach—protein digestion

(B) large intestine—bile production

(C) small intestine—nutrient absorption

(D) pancreas—enzyme production

Short answer

(A) The option “stomach—protein digestion” is false.

(B) The option “large intestine—bile production” is true.

(C) The option “small intestine—nutrient absorption” is false.

(D) The option “pancreas—enzyme production” is false.

Step-by-step solution

Process of digestion

Ingestion of food is the first step of digestion. Mechanical digestion takes place in the mouth and stomach. The small intestine is the site of chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients. The remained water and electrolytes are absorbed by waste material from the large intestine, and defecation occurs via the anus.

Explanation of option ‘(A)’

The hydrochloric acid and protease enzyme break the protein into smaller fragments. The bond between protein molecules breaks through the action of enzymes. In the stomach, denaturation of protein takes place.

Therefore, the stomach participates in protein digestion by initiating the process.

Thus, the given option is false.

Explanation of option ‘(B)’

Th secretion of bile occurs from the liver. It helps to convert fat into fatty acids. The large intestine absorbs the salts and water from the digested food and helps eliminate undigested food.

Therefore, the large intestine does not prepare bile.

Thus, the given option is true.

Explanation of option ‘(C)’

The villi of the small intestine assist in the absorption of nutrients from the digested food. The capillary beds and lymphatic vessels are present in the villi. The nutrients are transformed into capillary beds and lymphatic vessels. They direct the nutrients into the bloodstream.

Therefore, the small intestine is the part of the digestive tract in which absorption takes place.

Thus, the given option is false.

Explanation of option ‘(D)’

The pancreas is the largest heterocrine gland. It secretes pancreatic juice, which contains trypsinogen, chymotrypsin, lipase, and carboxypeptidase. It helps in the chemical digestion of the food.

Therefore, the pancreas secretes various enzymes to aid in the process of digestion.

Thus, the given option is false.