Question

Cells transplanted from the neural tube of a frog embryo to the ventral part of another embryo develop into nervous system tissues. This result indicates that the transplanted cells were

(A) totipotent.

(B) determined.

(C) differentiated.

(D) mesenchymal.

Short answer

(A) The option“totipotent” is false.

(B) The option “determined” is true.

(C) The option “differentiated” is false.

(D) The option “mesenchymal” is false.

Step-by-step solution

Embryonic development

Embryonic development refers to the processes that account for the division and differentiation of the zygotic cell so that it transforms into a mature multicellular offspring. The overall period, sequential steps, and pattern of development differ in different organisms.

Explanation of option ‘(A)’

The term totipotent is used for explaining the potential of any living cell which allows it to transform into any body cell, irrespective of its origin. The cells such as stem cells or the blastomere cells are considered to have the totipotent ability.

Thus, the neural tube cells gave rise to nervous system tissue even after transplantation, so it does not exhibit totipotent nature.

Therefore, the given option is false.

Explanation of option ‘(B)’

A determined cell is an immature cell that is predestined to differentiate and divide into specific tissue types to generate certain specific organs. These determined cells would develop into their specific cell type in any given environment.

Thus, the development of nervous system tissues from the transplanted neural tube suggests the determined nature of the neural tube.

Therefore, the given option is true.

Explanation of option ‘(C)’

Cell differentiation can be defined as the mechanism through which an immature cell transforms its morphology to develop into distinct mature cells according to the requirement of the body.

Thus, a differentiated cell does not relate to the development of nervous tissues from transplanted neural tubes.

Therefore, the given option is false.

Explanation of option ‘(D)’

In embryonic development, a mesenchymal cellhas the ability to differentiate and transform into different types of body tissues such as lymphatic tissues, connective tissues, and tissues of the blood vessels.

Thus, tissues of the nervous system are not developed from the mesenchymal cells.

Therefore, the given option is false.