Question

Question: Choose the pair of terms that correctly completes this sentence: Catabolism is to anabolism as __________ is to _________.

1. exergonic; spontaneous
2. exergonic; endergonic
3. free energy; entropy
4. work;energy

Short answer

1. The option “exergonic; spontaneous” is false.
2. The option “exergonic; endergonic” istrue.
3. The option “free energy; entropy” is. false
4. The option “work; energy” is false.

Step-by-step solution

Metabolism

Metabolism is the chemical reaction that drives the organism's survival. Two phases occur in the metabolism such as catabolism and anabolism. Catabolism is the reaction that involves the breakdown of substances. Anabolism is the process that is the process of synthesizing larger particles.

Explanation of option “(A)”

Catabolism is the opposite mechanism of the anabolic reaction. Both the reactions proceed in the opposite action.

The exergonic reaction gives out energy that is also spontaneous in its progress. The exergonic and spontaneous natures are related to each other.

Therefore, the given statement is false.

Explanation of option “(B)”

The catabolic reaction tends to form energy, so it is known as an exergonic reaction. The anabolic reaction tends to consume energy, so it is known as an endergonic reaction.

Thus, the exergonic and endergonic reactions are opposite mechanisms.

Therefore, the given statement is true.

Explanation of option “(C)”

Free energy is liberated during thermodynamic reactions. It is related to catabolism that liberates energy.

Entropy is the energy production reaction that is not useful for performing work unrelated to the anabolic reaction involving energy consumption.

Thus, entropy is not similar to the anabolic process.

Therefore, the given statement is false.

Explanation of option “(D)”

Work involves the transfer of energy by applying force. Energy is required to do work. Both the terms are related to each other.

Catabolism is the opposite mechanism to anabolic reactions. However, work and energy are inter-related terms.

Therefore, the given statement is false.