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From memory, draw two eukaryotic cells. Label the structures listed here and show any physical connections between the internal structures of each cell: nucleus, rough ER, smooth ER, mitochondrion, centrosome, chloroplast, vacuole, lysosome, microtubule, cell wall, ECM, microfilament, Golgi apparatus, intermediate filament, plasma membrane, peroxisome, ribosome, nucleolus, nuclear pore, vesicle, flagellum, microvilli, plasmodesma.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Cells are considered the primary level in the biological hierarchy. Cells combine to form tissue. The cell is the basic unit that is capable of its independent survival. This basic unit contains a semifluid structure bounded by a membrane with some organelles inside this fluid.

Step by step solution

01

Eukaryotic cell

Eukaryotic cells are those that possess membrane-bound organelles. These cells are of basically two types, animal cells, and plant cells. These cells are different from prokaryotes in bearing the organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, vacuoles, and more.

02

Plant and animal cell difference

Plant cell

Animal cell

Large in size

Comparatively smaller

The cell wall is present

The cell wall is absent

The nucleus is present in the side

The nucleus is present in the centre

One big vacuole is present

Several small vacuoles are present

Plasmodesmata is present

Plasmodesmata is absent

Chloroplast is present

Chloroplast is absent

03

Diagrammatic representation of animal and plant cell

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Cyanide binds to at least one molecule involved in producing ATP. If a cell is exposed to cyanide, most of the cyanide will be found within the

(A) mitochondria

(B) ribosomes

(C) peroxisomes

(D) lysosomes

The cells in this SEM are epithelial cells from the small intestine. Discuss how aspects of their structure contribute to their specialized functions of nutrient absorption and a barrier between the intestinal contents and the blood supply on the other side of the sheet of epithelial cells.

Draw a simplified elongated cell that measures arbitrary units. A nerve cell would be roughly this shape. Predict how its surface-to-volume ratio would compare with those in Figure 6.7. Then calculate the ratio and check your prediction.

Imagine protein X, destined to span the plasma membrane. Assume that the mRNA carrying the genetic message for protein X has already been translated by ribosomes in cell culture. If you fractionate the cells (see Figure 6.4), in which fraction would you find protein X? Explain by describing its transit through the cell.

The shape of a yeast cell can be approximated by a sphere.

(a). Calculate the volume of each cell using the formula of the volume of a sphere:

\(V = \frac{4}{3}\pi {r^3}\)

Note that \(\pi \) (the Greek letter pi) is a constant with an approximate value of 3.14, d stands for diameter, and r stands for radius, which is half the diameter. (b) What volume of new cytoplasm will be new cell have to synthesize as its matures? To determine this, calculate the difference between the volume of the full sized cell and the volume of the new cell.

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