Question

Determine the normal dosage range for the following problems to the nearest tenth. State your course of action. A child weighing \(15 \mathrm{~kg}\) has an order for \(55 \mathrm{mcg}\) of a medication \(\mathrm{IV}\) q \(12 \mathrm{~h}\). The dosage range is 6 to \(8 \mathrm{mcg} / \mathrm{kg} /\) day q12h. Determine if the dosage ordered is within normal range, and state your course of action.

Short answer

The ordered dosage of 55 mcg is within the normal range; administer as prescribed.

Step-by-step solution

Understand the Dosage Range

The prescribed dosage range is 6 to 8 micrograms per kilogram per day. This means that the child can safely receive between 6 and 8 mcg of the medication per kg of their body weight each day. Since the medication is given every 12 hours (q12h), we need to calculate the total daily dosage and then split it into two equal doses.

Calculate the Total Daily Dosage Range

First, calculate the total daily dosage range for this child by multiplying the child's weight by the dosage range per kg:\[\text{Minimum daily dosage} = 15 \text{ kg} \times 6 \text{ mcg/kg} = 90 \text{ mcg/day}\]\[\text{Maximum daily dosage} = 15 \text{ kg} \times 8 \text{ mcg/kg} = 120 \text{ mcg/day}\]

Calculate the Dosage per Administration

Since the medication is administered every 12 hours, calculate the dosage per administration by dividing the total daily dosage by 2:\[\text{Minimum dose per administration} = \frac{90 \text{ mcg/day}}{2} = 45 \text{ mcg/q12h}\]\[\text{Maximum dose per administration} = \frac{120 \text{ mcg/day}}{2} = 60 \text{ mcg/q12h}\]

Compare the Ordered Dosage with the Range

The ordered dosage is 55 mcg q12h. Compare this to the calculated range: - Minimum dose per administration: 45 mcg - Maximum dose per administration: 60 mcg Since 55 mcg falls within the range of 45 to 60 mcg, the ordered dosage is within the normal range.

State the Course of Action

Since the ordered dosage of 55 mcg falls within the normal range, the course of action is to administer the medication as prescribed.

Key concepts

Understanding Medication Dosage Range

When calculating pediatric dosage, it's crucial to understand the medication dosage range to ensure safety and efficacy. This range specifies the minimum and maximum amount of medication that can be safely administered based on the child's weight. For instance, if a medication's dosage range is 6 to 8 mcg/kg/day, you calculate the range by multiplying the child's weight by these dosage limits. This provides a tailored dosage range suitable for the child's specific needs, allowing healthcare professionals to maintain effective treatment while minimizing potential risks. By understanding and applying this range, healthcare providers help to ensure that the medication dosage is both safe and effective.

Administering Medication Safely

Administering medication safely is a vital skill in healthcare, especially for pediatric patients. Once you have determined the appropriate dosage range, the next step is to carefully administer the medication. Here’s a simple process to follow:

• Double-check the calculated dosage range to confirm the child's dosage fits within safe limits.
• Review the prescribed dosage and frequency to ensure accuracy.
• Use proper tools for measurement to ensure precision, like syringes or dosing spoons.
• Monitor the child for any side effects or unusual reactions, and be prepared to respond if they occur.

This careful attention to detail ensures that the medication is given correctly and helps protect the child's health. Always adhere to prescribed dosages to avoid overmedication, which can lead to adverse effects.

IV Dosage Calculations Explained

IV (intravenous) dosage calculations can seem complicated, but they follow a systematic approach. In our example exercise, medication is administered intravenously (IV) every 12 hours, requiring calculations of both daily and per-administration dosages. Here is how to perform IV dosage calculations: 1. **Determine the child's weight**, as all dosage calculations are weight-dependent for children. 2. **Calculate the total daily dosage** by considering the prescribed dosage range per unit weight and the child's total weight. This gives you the safe daily dosage range. 3. **Calculate the dosage per administration** by dividing the total daily dosage in half when medications are given every 12 hours (q12h). Being precise is essential to ensure the medication is within the safe and effective range. Errors in IV dosage calculations can lead to underdosing or overdosing, both of which can significantly impact the child's health. Meticulously follow calculation protocols to ensure medication is administered appropriately.