Question

In a(n) \(\quad\), the primary root is typically the largest. a. lateral meristem \(c\), fibrous root system b. adventitious root system d. taproot system

Short answer

The correct answer is d. taproot system.

Step-by-step solution

Understand the Question

The question is asking about a type of root system where the primary root is the largest and most prominent. Different types of root systems are provided as options, and we need to determine which one fits the description.

Review the Options

Let's analyze each option given: - **a. lateral meristem**: This is not a type of root system. It's related to plant growth but doesn't fit our requirement. - **b. adventitious root system**: In this system, roots arise from parts of the plant other than the primary root, so the primary root is not the largest. - **c. fibrous root system**: This involves many slender roots of similar size spreading from the plant's base; the primary root does not remain the largest. - **d. taproot system**: In this system, the primary root grows directly downward and remains the main root, becoming the largest.

Select the Correct Answer

Based on the options reviewed, the taproot system ( - d. taproot system) is defined by a single, large primary root that remains the largest and is most developed. This matches the description given in the exercise.

Key concepts

Taproot System

In the taproot system, the primary root grows directly downward and becomes the largest and most dominant root. This type of root system is typically found in dicotyledonous plants. As it grows, the primary root develops lateral roots that branch off, often providing additional support and nutrient absorption.

• The taproot can penetrate deep into the soil, making it effective for stabilizing the plant and accessing water and nutrients found deeper underground.
• Common plants with taproot systems include carrots, dandelions, and oak trees.
• Taproots are particularly advantageous in drought conditions because they can access lower moisture levels.

The taproot system effectively supports plants in various environments, ensuring stability and nutrient access through a robust root structure.

Adventitious Root System

The adventitious root system is unique because its roots arise from non-root parts of the plant, such as stems or leaves. This makes them distinct from the primary root system, as they develop from any place other than the radicle.

• This system is common in monocots and can be seen in plants like corn and grasses.
• Adventitious roots can form as a response to certain conditions, like injury, allowing plants to survive and adapt by forming new roots quickly.
• These roots often help with vegetative propagation, which is why they're important in plant reproduction and regeneration.

Overall, adventitious roots play a crucial role in the resilience and adaptability of plants, ensuring they can flourish even in less-than-ideal conditions.

Fibrous Root System

The fibrous root system is characterized by a network of roots that are generally similar in size and spread out from the base of the plant. This system is prominent in monocots like grasses.

• Fibrous roots create a dense mat of roots near the soil surface, which helps prevent soil erosion and provides support to the plant.
• Unlike the taproot system, the primary root becomes less significant as an extensive system of roots develops around it.
• This root structure is effective in environments where water and nutrients are primarily available near the soil surface.

Fibrous root systems are beneficial in promoting soil stability and efficient nutrient uptake, especially in environments with frequent changes in moisture.