Question

In the context of cell biology, what do we mean by form follows function? What are at least two examples of this concept?

Short answer

Form follows function means that the shape of a cellular structure is related to the function they perform. Red blood cells and nerve cells are examples where the structure of the cell is suited for their respective function.

Step-by-step solution

Introduction

Form follows function means that there is a direct correlation between the structure of a cell or body part and the function it performs. It is the relationship of the form and function of different structures that allow organisms to survive.

Explanation

Two examples in cell biology that depict the maxim "form follows function" are:

• Red blood cells (RBCs): These cells have a circular and biconcave shape that allows them to pass through narrow capillaries. This shape also increases the surface area to volume ratio and helps diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the plasma membrane. Unlike other cells, RBCs do not have a nucleus, mitochondria, or ribosomes. This makes room for many hemoglobin molecules to be present inside the cell.
• Neurons or nerve cells: Neurons are very long and help to send and receive signals to and from the brain. They help to conduct impulses to far-off locations in the body. Nerve cells have long tail-like projections called axons that transmit signals to other cells. They also have dendrites that help neurons to receive signals.