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Chapter 8: Problem 9

Which of the following is a reason why certain traits do not follow Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment? (A) The genes are linked on the same chromosome. (B) It applies only to eukaryotes. (C) Certain traits are not completely dominant. (D) Heterozygotes have both alleles.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The correct answer is (A), as certain traits do not follow Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment when the genes controlling the traits are linked on the same chromosome. This causes the traits to be inherited together instead of independently.

Step by step solution

01

Understand Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment

Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment states that the alleles for different traits are sorted into gametes independently of one another. In other words, the inheritance of one trait does not affect the inheritance of another trait. Step 2: Analyze Option (A)
02

Analyze Option (A)

Option (A) states that the genes are linked on the same chromosome. If two traits are controlled by genes located on the same chromosome, they will not assort independently. Instead, they will be inherited together, which contradicts Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment. This could be a valid reason. Step 3: Analyze Option (B)
03

Analyze Option (B)

Option (B) states that the law applies only to eukaryotes. Mendel's Laws, including Independent Assortment, apply to organisms with sexual reproduction, including both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Thus, this is not a reason why certain traits do not follow Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment. Step 4: Analyze Option (C)
04

Analyze Option (C)

Option (C) states that certain traits are not completely dominant. Incomplete dominance affects how traits appear, but it does not influence the independent assortment of alleles. Thus, this is not a reason why certain traits do not follow Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment. Step 5: Analyze Option (D)
05

Analyze Option (D)

Option (D) states that heterozygotes have both alleles. This statement is true, as heterozygotes carry a dominant and a recessive allele. However, this fact does not contradict Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment and is not a reason why certain traits do not follow this law. Step 6: Determine the Correct Option
06

Determine the Correct Option

Option (A) states that certain traits do not follow Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment when the genes controlling the traits are linked on the same chromosome. This is a valid reason, and none of the other options provide a reason for traits not to follow Mendel's law. Therefore, the correct answer is (A), genes are linked on the same chromosome.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) is a group of autosomal recessive diseases characterized by blindness, loss of cognitive and motor function, and early death. One of the genes that is mutated in this disease is CLN3. When functional CLN3 protein is absent, neurons die because of increased storage material in the cells, presumably because the lysosomes aren't working properly. What is a valid explanation as to why parents of children with this devastating disease can be completely normal? (A) Parents of the autosomal recessive disease must both be carriers of the mutation on the CLN3 gene. (B) Carriers of the CLN3 mutation genotype do not show the phenotype because one normal CLN3 allele is present to provide a functioning CLN3 protein. (C) Redundant proteins take over the function of the mutant CLN3 protein in the parents. (D) X inactivation prevents expression of the CLN3 mutated protein in the parents.

A breeder of black Labrador puppies notices that in his line a gene predisposing his dogs for white spots has arisen. He believes the white spot allele is autosomal recessive, and he wants to prevent it from continuing in his dogs. He sees that one of his female dogs, Speckle, has white spots, and he therefore assumes she is homozygous for the gene. But he must determine which males in his pack are heterozygous to avoid breeding them in the future. What is a reasonable plan? (A) Stop breeding Speckle. (B) Pair Speckle with a male with white spots. (C) Perform a testcross of Speckle with a black Labrador male. If any pups are born with white spots, stop breeding that male because he is heterozygous. (D) Breed Speckle with a chocolate Labrador.

The gene for coat color in some breeds of cats is found on the X chromosome. Calico cats are mottled with orange and black colorings. What is a possible explanation for the fact that true calico cats are only female? (A) The allele for coat color is randomly chosen by Xinactivation. (B) The coat color is linked with genes that are lethal to male cats, so male calico cats never live past birth. (C) Coat orange and black color is expressed only in female cats; males have only one color. (D) Male cats have Y chromosomes.

In pea plants, tall ( \(T\) ) is dominant over short ( \(t\) ) and green \((G)\) is dominant over yellow \((g)\). If a pea plant that is heterozygous for both traits is crossed with a plant that is recessive for both traits, approximately what percentage of the progeny plants will be tall and yellow? (A) \(0 \%\) (B) \(25 \%\) (C) \(66 \%\) (D) \(75 \%\)
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